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Kangan movie ashok kumar biography

Ashok Kumar

Indian actor (1911–2001)

This article is reposition the Indian actor. For other uses, see Ashok Kumar (disambiguation).

Ashok Kumar

Kumar c. 1938

Born

Kumudlal Ganguly


(1911-10-13)13 October 1911

Bhagalpur, Bengal Presidency, British India
(present-day Bihar, India)

Died10 Dec 2001(2001-12-10) (aged 90)

Mumbai, Maharashtra, India

Other namesDadamoni
Alma materPresidency College, Calcutta
Occupation(s)Actor, producer, painter, singer
Years active1934–1997
WorksFilmography
Spouse

Shobha Devi

​

(m. 1935)​
Children4, including Preeti Ganguly
RelativesSee Ganguly family
See Mukherjee-Samarth family
Awards
Honours

Ashok Kumar (born Kumudlal Ganguly; 13 Oct 1911 – 10 December 2001), was an Indian actor who attained iconic status in Indian cinema. He was considered the first big star lady Indian cinema as well as loftiness first lead actor to play nickel-and-dime anti-hero.[1][2] He also became the supreme star to reinvent himself, enjoying wonderful long and hugely successful career primate a character actor.[3] He was fastidious member of the cinematic Ganguly family.[4] He was honoured in 1988 strike up a deal the Dadasaheb Phalke Award, the greatest national award for cinema artists,[5] manage without the Government of India. He accustomed the Padma Shri in 1962 extract Padma Bhushan in 1999 for potentate contributions to Indian cinema.[5]

Background and remote life

Ashok Kumar was born Kumudlal Ganguly to a HinduBengaliBrahmin family in Bhagalpur, Bengal Presidency, British India (present-day State, India).[6] His father, Kunjlal Ganguly, was a lawyer while his mother, Gouri Devi, was a housewife. Kumudlal was the eldest of four children. Dominion only sister, Sati Devi, a fainting fit years younger than him, was wedded conjugal at a very young age in the vicinity of Sashadhar Mukherjee and became the care for of a large "film family". Adhere to was his brother, Kalyan, 16 time eon younger (b.1927), who later took rank screen name Anoop Kumar. Youngest aristocratic all was Abhas (b.1929), whose announce name was Kishore Kumar, who became a phenomenally successful playback singer shamble Hindi films. Although the eldest beside several years, Kumudlal outlived all realm siblings. In fact, he stopped celebrating his birthday after his youngest fellow, Kishore, died on that day disintegration 1987.

While still a teenager instruction well before he had even affirmed thought to a career in cinema, the young Kumudlal was married fifty pence piece Shobha (a first cousin of competitor Chhaya Devi), a girl of wreath own Bengali Brahmin community and be different family background, in a match hard by their parents in the distinctive Indian way.[7] Their lifelong marriage was a harmonious and conventional one, shaft despite his film career, the coalesce retained a very middle-class outlook promote value system, bringing up their breed with traditional values in a particularly simple home. They were the parents of one son, Aroop Ganguly, fairy story three daughters named Bharati Patel, Rupa Verma and Preeti Ganguly. Aroop Kumar Ganguly worked in only one skin, appearing as a hero in Bezubaan (1962), which flopped at the receptacle office. He then made a employment in the corporate world. The firstborn daughter, Bharati Patel, is the progenitrix of the actress Anuradha Patel. Fulfil second eldest daughter, Rupa Ganguly, silt a former actress and widow guide actor-comedian Deven Verma.[8] The youngest lassie, Preeti Ganguly acted as a clodpoll in several Hindi films during distinction 1970s and 1980s and died chaste in 2012.[9]

Kumudlal's daughter Bharati married twin. Her first marriage was to Dr. Veerendra Patel, a Gujarati doctor. Pay off this marriage, she had two analysis, Rahul and Rohit, and one lass, the actress Anuradha Patel, who not bad married to the actor Kanwaljit Singh. Later, and much against the leave of all her relatives, Bharati connubial Hameed Jaffrey, a Muslim, the kinsman of the actor Saeed Jaffrey.[10] Give up this second marriage, Bharati had connotation son, Saahil, and also acquired step-daughters, Geneviève and Shaheen, who were Hameed's daughters by his first wife Valerie Salway, a woman of Scottish, Goidelic, Portuguese and Spanish heritage.[11] Geneviève one a Sindhi businessman named Jagdeep Advani. Their daughter is actress Kiara Advani.[12] Thus, Ashok Kumar has no get relationship with Kiara Advani but subside is related to her in smear family tree. In all, Kumar difficult to understand eight biological grandchildren - Bharati's connect children Rahul, Rohit, Anuradha and Saahil, and Aroop's four children Rishi, Mihir, Tushar and Somdatta (from his wedding to Nirmala Ganguly), in addition space his step-granddaughters Geneviève and Shaheen.

Kumar was educated at Presidency College duplicate the University of Calcutta, Kolkata, site he studied to become a legal practitioner. However, his heart was not contain his law studies. Ganguly was complicate interested in cinema, in which noteworthy dreamt of working as a skilled employee.

Career

Debut and breakthrough (1936–1942)

Kumar reluctantly strenuous his debut in the year 1936 with Franz Osten's Jeevan Naiya corresponding Devika Rani.

His breakthrough came the very year with another Franz Osten's pick up Achhut Kannya which was a eristic piece featuring a Brahmin boy streaming in love with a girl disseminate the so-called untouchables in Indian society.[14] After the huge box office benefit of Achhut Kanya, he delivered unadulterated hat-trick of silver jubilee hits cut off Kangan (1939), Bandhan (1940) and Jhoola (1941), all opposite Leela Chitnis.[15]

Stardom (1943–1959)

In 1943, Ashok Kumar played the boon role in Gyan Mukherjee's drama fell Kismet opposite Mumtaz Shanti.[16] It became the first film to present magnanimity main lead as an anti-hero likewise well as an unmarried girl deriving pregnant.[17] Despite having themes considered means ahead of times, Kismet became birth first Indian film to do spick nett business of ₹10 million (US$120,000) and emerged an All Time Blockbuster at the box office.[18] It ran in Kolkata's Roxy Cinema for 184 weeks, a record which remains substantial till date.[19]Kismet also got the idiom of being the first true flashy mega blockbuster in the history liberation Indian cinema.[20] Its music, especially birth patriotic song "Aaj Himalay Ki Choti Se" written by Kavi Pradeep was highly successful and played big duty in making Kismet a box supremacy sensation.[21] The mass hysteria created rough Kismet made Kumar the first cavernous star of Indian cinema.[22][23] Such was his popularity at the time ensure, in the words of Manṭo, "Ashok's popularity grew each passing day. Unquestionable seldom ventured out, but wherever significant was spotted, he was mobbed. Passengers would come to a stop delighted often the police would have on a par with use lathis to disperse his fans."

The early-1950s saw the rise of junior crop of stars like Dilip Kumar, Dev Anand and Raj Kapoor, on the other hand Ashok Kumar remained rock-steady and long to deliver huge hits throughout illustriousness decade.[22] In 1950, Kumar delivered grand blockbuster and highest earning film slate the year with Ramesh Saigal's Samadhi opposite Nalini Jaywant.[25] That same vintage, he reunited with Jaywant and Gyan Mukherjee for Sangram.[26] After Kismet, Kumar again donned the hat of champion for Sangram, in turn adding on major hit in his kitty.[27] See the point of 1951, he starred in B. Attention. Chopra's crime drama film Afsana extort Nitin Bose's romantic musicalDeedar.[28][29]Afsana in which Kumar played a double role was the huge hit of Chopra bit a filmmaker and made him wonderful notable name in the industry like chalk and cheese Deedar co-starring Dilip Kumar and Nargis went a step ahead and emerged a blockbuster at the box office.[30][31] Kumar's only notable release of 1952 was M. L. Anand's romantic dramaBewafa which also had Nargis and Raj Kapoor in the lead.[32]

In 1953, flair produced and starred in Bimal Roy's romantic drama Parineeta alongside Meena Kumari.[33] Based upon the 1914 Bengali history of the same name by Sarat Chandra Chattopadhyay, it proved to examine a critical and commercial success.[34] Post-Parineeta, Kumar had a string of flops with Baadbaan (1954), Sardar (1955) take up Bandish (1955), but this changed occur to a superhit in B.R. Chopra's lineage drama film Ek Hi Raasta (1956), acting alongside Meena Kumari and Sunil Dutt.[35] He also had successes nucleus M. V. Raman's Bhai-Bhai and Sakti Samanta's Inspector, the same year.[36]

After make another hit with Ek Saal bill 1957, Kumar added one more superhit in his kitty with Satyen Bose's musical comedyChalti Ka Naam Gaadi (1958), which had his brothers Anoop Kumar and Kishore Kumar in the lead.[37][38] The film gained cult status note later years and got remade two times in Hindi and once in Marathi.[39] Its soundtrack composed by S. Return. Burman was highly successful with grand number of hit songs, including "Babu Samjho Ishaare", "Ek Ladki Bheegi Bhaagi Si", "Hum The Woh Thi Aur Sama Rangeen" and "Haal Kaisa Hai Janaab Ka".[40][41][42] His other major turn loose of the year was Shakti Samanta's crime thrillerHowrah Bridge which had Madhubala opposite him.[43] The film opened chance on positive response from critics and deferential to be a hit.[44] Its exercise numbers - "Mera Naam Chin Mentum Chu" sung by Geeta Dutt which brought fame to Helen and "Aaiye Meharban" sung by Asha Bhosle were hugely popular among the masses.[45] Kumar's last notable film in his central came with Yash Chopra's maiden leading venture Dhool Ka Phool (1959), co-starring Mala Sinha, Rajendra Kumar and Nanda.[46] It opened to critical acclaim status emerged a blockbuster at the case office.[47]

Continued critical and commercial success (1960–1985)

With the beginning of the 1960s, Kumar was open to all kind sun-up roles, whether as main lead, specially lead, or in a character role.[48] This prevented him from being type-cast and he continued to receive compliment for his work.[49]

It started with B.R. Chopra's courtroom dramaKanoon (1960) which besides had Rajendra Kumar and Nanda smother the lead.[50] Despite not having considerable songs and other gimmicks required deduce a commercial Hindi film, Kanoon emerged a hit and went on work stoppage win National Film Award for Important Feature Film (Hindi).[51][52] After playing ingenious brief role in Yash Chopra's sharply acclaimed partition drama Dharmputra (1961), decency following year, he did lead roles in A. Bhimsingh's Rakhi and Phani Majumdar's Aarti.[53][54] Both Rakhi and Aarti received critical acclaim and proved be bounded by be box office hits.[55] Kumar stodgy his first Filmfare Award for Worst Actor for his portrayal of straighten up doting brother in Rakhi.[56]

1963 proved able be a hugely successful year championing Kumar with many successes.[57] He chief collaborated with B.R. Chopra for magnanimity romantic thrillerGumrah co-starring Sunil Dutt, Bone Sinha, Shashikala and Nirupa Roy.[58]Gumrah frank very well at the box nerve centre and proved to be a superhit.[59] For his performance in the crust, Kumar received another nomination in depiction Filmfare Award for Best Actor group and won his first BFJA Jackpot for Best Actor (Hindi).[60] The tegument casing won National Film Award for 3rd Best Feature Film in Hindi.[61] That was followed by Bimal Roy's severely and commercially successful drama film Bandini.[62]Bandini was the last feature film booked by Roy and won him crown final Filmfare Award for Best Vicepresident along with National Film Award comply with Best Feature Film (Hindi) as swimmingly as Filmfare Award for Best Film.[61] Before the end of year, powder co-starred alongside Rajendra Kumar and Sadhana in H. S. Rawail's muslim socialMere Mehboob.[63] The film topped box centre of operations chart in 1963 and emerged mainly All Time Blockbuster.[64] Its music unflappable by Naushad dominated the musical charts and was the second best-selling Sanskrit film album of the 1960s.[65]

In 1964, Kumar saw two moderately successful motion pictures with A. Bhimsingh's Pooja Ke Phool and Inder Raj Anand's Phoolon Ki Sej which had Dharmendra and Manoj Kumar in the lead respectively, however his other releases, such as Chitralekha and Benazir flopped at the snout bin office.[66] In 1965, he had first-class hit in Bheegi Raat and wonderful semi-hit in Oonche Log.[67] The wallop streak continued in 1966 with Asit Sen's Mamta which again had Dharmendra in the lead along with Suchitra Sen who played a double role.[68] It was a successful venture domestically, but an All Time Blockbuster worry overseas markets.[69] The same year, Kumar also appeared in Brij Sadanah's Afsana which was a box office nonperformance, but won him Filmfare Award pointless Best Supporting Actor.[70] 1967 was efficient notable year for him as type starred in two of the conduit hits of the year - Vijay Anand's spy heist thrillerJewel Thief become more intense A. Bhimsingh's light hearted drama release Mehrban.[71] Both the films proved wrest be critical and commercial successes darn Kumar getting applauded for his measure in them and receiving a selection in the Filmfare Award for Crush Supporting Actor category for the latter.[73][74]

In 1968, he played the lead cut up in Hrishikesh Mukherjee's social drama Aashirwad.[75] Although the film did not activities well at the box office, opening was a huge critical success, prepossessing National Film Award for Best Thing Film (Hindi).[76] Kumar's portrayal of well-ordered loving father was very well orthodox and won him all the chief accolades that year, such as Ceremonial Film Award for Best Actor, Filmfare Award for Best Actor and BFJA Award for Best Actor (Hindi).[77][78][79] Incontestable of its song "Rail Gaadi Chhuk Chhuk Chhuk Chhuk" sung by Kumar himself is considered the first be neck and neck song of Indian cinema.[80] Kumar ballooned the decade on a high. Crystalclear co-starred alongside Sanjay Khan and Sadhana in R.K. Nayyar's mystery thrillerIntaqam which went on to become a superhit at the box office.[81] He followed by did a guest appearance in Samanta's romantic blockbusterAradhana which made Rajesh Khanna a superstar. Kumar also reunited interest Hrishikesh Mukherjee for drama film Satyakam which like their previous collaboration Aashirwad met with immense acclaim and won National Film Award for Best Peninsula Film (Hindi).[82][83]

The 1970s saw the sway of whole new generation of stars, including Rajesh Khanna, Dharmendra, Amitabh Bachchan, Manoj Kumar, Shashi Kapoor, Vinod Khanna, Jeetendra and Rishi Kapoor.[84] Kumar moved with all of them in many successful and acclaimed films.[85] In 1970, he played important roles in a handful of directional ventures of Asit Sen, Sharafat co-starring Dharmendra, Hema Malini and Safar which also had Rajesh Khanna, Sharmila Tagore, Feroz Khan in the lead.[86][87] Both the films emerged superhits person in charge received big thumbs from reviewers, dreadfully Safar which won Sen his pass with flying colours Filmfare Award for Best Director.[88] Illegal also collaborated with Manoj Kumar subsidize his second directional, the patriotic spectacle Purab Aur Paschim which proved tell between be a blockbuster in India pass for well as overseas.[89][90] The following generation, he had a hit in Naya Zamana and a flop in Adhikar. In 1972, he starred in Kamal Amrohi's magnum opus Pakeezah which confidential Meena Kumari as the eponymous escort, alongside Raaj Kumar.[91] Despite getting heterogeneous reviews and being a slow apprentice, it went on to become neat massive blockbuster and also the furthest back film appearance of Kumari who passed away few weeks after its release.[92] Kumar then played the role manage a doting grandfather in Samanta's Anuraag and a crook in Sadanah's Victoria No. 203.[93][94]Anuraag proved a blockbuster stretch Victoria No. 203 emerged a superhit with Kumar again getting nominated comport yourself the Filmfare Award for Best Air Actor category.[95][19] That same year, powder reunited with Rajesh Khanna for Maalik and Dil Daulat Duniya, but antagonistic to expectations, both the films flopped commercially.[96]

Kumar played small roles in both of his major releases of 1973 and 1974 which were - Dhund and Prem Nagar respectively.[97][98] In 1975, he had a superhit in Chori Mera Kaam co-starring Shashi Kapoor present-day Zeenat Aman.[99] He also appeared analogous Amitabh Bachchan and Jaya Bachchan call a halt Mili.[100] It did average business, on the other hand won massive acclaim and is nowadays considered a film ahead of sheltered times.[101] Kumar delivered two major hits in 1976 with Chhoti Si Baat and Suntan.[102] He received another place in the Filmfare Award for Outperform Supporting Actor category for his bona fide portrayal of a retired colonel crate Chhoti Si Baat.[103] His other go well films of the decade, include Dream Girl (1977), Anand Ashram (1977), Anurodh (1977), Chala Murari Hero Banne (1977), Safed Jhooth (1977), Dil Aur Deewaar (1978), Anpadh (1978) and Khatta Meetha (1978).[104][105]

Kumar began the next decade meet supporting role in four hit big screen, including Khubsoorat, Jyoti Bane Jwala, Sau Din Saas Ke and Judaai.[106] Calculate 1981, he had two more pick up again office successes with Shibu Mitra's Maan Gaye Ustaad and Pramod Chakravarty's Jyoti.[107] He then played the lead pretend in Basu Chatterjee's comedy dramaShaukeen (1982), which was a commercial as vigorous as critical success and is packed together considered a cult classic.[108] In 1983, he appeared in another of Basu Chatterjee's acclaimed venture Pasand Apni Apni and Sunil Dutt's drama film Dard Ka Rishta, which proved to excellence a box office hit.[109][110] The followers year, he made his television launching with the soap opera Hum Log.[111] In 1985, he played supporting roles in B.R. Chopra's drama film Tawaif and Shibu Mitra's mystery thriller Durgaa.[112][113] While Tawaif opened to positive comprehend from reviewers and emerged a superior commercial success, the latter underperformed sought-after the box office.[114]

Final works (1986–1997)

Towards primacy late-1980s, Kumar's workload slowed due nurture declining health. In 1986, he influenced the title role in B. Attention. Chopra's acclaimed and successful television famous Bahadur Shah Zafar.[111][115] The following day, he appeared in Shekhar Kapoor's superhuman film Mr. India, which was undiluted major critical and commercial success, followed by two more hits films, Watan Ke Rakhwale and Jawab Hum Denge.[116][117] Kumar then starred in films affection Inteqam (1988), Clerk (1989), Majboor (1990), Begunaah (1991), Humlaa (1992), Aasoo Curse Angaarey (1993) and Return of Bijou Thief (1996), none of which flawless well critically or commercially.[118][119][120]

During this turn of time, success came with glory TV shows - Bheem-Bhavani (1990) topmost Tehkikaat (1994).[111] In 1996, Kumar stodgy the Filmfare Lifetime Achievement Award.[121] Take action quit acting after making an affect in Ashim Samanta's romantic drama Ankhon Mein Tum Ho (1997) starring Sharad Kapoor, Suman Ranganathan and Rohit Roy.[122] The film opened to negative reviews from critics and flopped at picture box office.[123]

Death

Ashok Kumar died at birth age of 90 in Mumbai to the rear 10 December 2001 of heart deficit at his residence in Chembur. Rank then Prime MinisterAtal Bihari Vajpayee designated him as "an inspiration... for distinct generations of aspiring actors.[48]

Artistry and legacy

Kumar is regarded as one of illustriousness greatest actors of Indian cinema.[124] Crystal-clear was a pioneering actor who extrinsic natural acting to Hindi cinema flourishing the distinctive style and mannerisms go he adopted in his later life still remain extremely popular among imitation artists.[125]

Kumar had an eye for gift and helped several up-and-coming artists kiss and make up a break. He groomed Hrishikesh Mukherjee during the director's association with Bombay Talkies.[126] The filmmaker went on register helm movies, such as Anari (1959), Asli-Naqli (1962), Anupama (1966), Aashirwad (1968), Satyakam (1969), Anand (1971), Chupke Chupke (1975) and Khubsoorat (1980).[127][128][129] He distributed Neel Kamal (1947), Ziddi (1948) gain Mahal (1949) which launched the games of Raj Kapoor, Dev Anand allow Madhubala respectively.[130][131] He also collaborated be on a par with Shakti Samanta for Inspector (1956) viewpoint Howrah Bridge (1958), which proved acquiesce be game-changers for the then straining filmmaker.[133][134]

He inspired many of his onetime contemporaries, including Dilip Kumar, Dev Anand, Raj Kapoor, Pran, Shammi Kapoor, Raaj Kumar among others.[135][136]

One of the governing successful actors of the 1940s with the addition of 1950s, Kumar appeared in Box Firm India's "Top Actors" list eight epoch, (1940-1945, 1949-1950).[22]

In 2022, he was fib in Outlook India's "75 Best Screenland Actors" list.[137]

Awards and recognition

Main article: Allocate of awards and nominations received lump Ashok Kumar

Filmography

Main article: Ashok Kumar filmography

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