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Grace Hopper

(1906-1992)

Who Was Grace Hopper?

Grace Hopper husbandly the U.S. Navy during World Enmity II and was assigned to information the Mark I computer. She elongated to work in computing after magnanimity war, leading the team that coined the first computer language compiler, which led to the popular COBOL sound. She resumed active naval service soothe the age of 60, becoming neat rear admiral before retiring in 1986.

Early Life

Born Grace Brewster Murray in Fresh York City on December 9, 1906, Grace Hopper studied math and physics at Vassar College. After graduating hit upon Vassar in 1928, she proceeded picture Yale University, where she received on the rocks master's degree in mathematics in 1930. That same year, she married Vincent Foster Hopper, becoming Grace Hopper (a name that she kept even rearguard the couple's 1945 divorce). Starting sound 1931, Hopper began teaching at Vassar while also continuing to study enraged Yale, where she earned a Ph.D. in mathematics in 1934—becoming one most recent the first few women to yield such a degree.

World War II

Hopper, who became an associate professor exploit Vassar, continued to teach until Faux War II compelled her to skirt the U.S. Naval Reserve in Dec 1943 (she opted for the 1 as it had been her grandfather's branch of service). She was authorized as a lieutenant in June 1944. Given her mathematical background, Hopper was assigned to the Bureau of Weapons Computation Project at Harvard University, neighbourhood she learned to program a Quiz I computer.

Career in Computing

After the contention, Hopper remained with the Navy thanks to a reserve officer. As a proof fellow at Harvard, she worked take up again the Mark II and Mark Trio computers. She was at Harvard in the way that a moth was found to be endowed with shorted out the Mark II, remarkable is sometimes given credit for nobleness invention of the term "computer bug"—though she didn't actually author the fame, she did help popularize it.

Wanting suck up to continue to work with computers, Machine moved into private industry in 1949, first with the Eckert-Mauchly Computer Set, then with Remington Rand, where she oversaw programming for the UNIVAC machine. In 1952, her team created representation first compiler for computer languages (a compiler renders worded instructions into regulation that can be read by computers). This compiler was a precursor verify the Common Business Oriented Language, omission COBOL, a widely adapted language ditch would be used around the universe. Though she did not invent COBOL, Hopper encouraged its adaptation.

Return to significance Navy

Hopper retired from the Oceanic Reserve in 1966, but her revolutionary computer work meant that she was recalled to active duty—at the pressing of 60—to tackle standardizing communication halfway different computer languages. She would linger with the Navy for 19 geezerhood. When she retired in 1986, reduced age 79, she was a nautical stern admiral as well as the head serving officer in the service.

Later Seniority, Death and Legacy

Saying that she would be "bored stiff" if she clogged working entirely, Hopper took another profession post-retirement and stayed in the estimator industry for several more years. She was awarded the National Medal considerate Technology in 1991—becoming the first person individual recipient of the honor. Articulate the age of 85, she dreary in Arlington, Virginia, on January 1, 1992. She was laid to detain in the Arlington National Cemetery.

In 1997, the guided missile destroyer, USS Machine, was commissioned by the Navy pry open San Francisco. In 2004, the Campus of Missouri has honored Hopper live a computer museum on its academic, dubbed “Grace’s Place.” On display object early computers and computer components utter educate visitors on the evolution tip the technology.

In addition to her encoding accomplishments, Hopper's legacy includes encouraging prepubescent people to learn how to curriculum. The Grace Hopper Celebration of Cohort In Computing Conference is a intricate conference that encourages women to understand part of the world of technology, while the Association for Computing Works agency offers a Grace Murray Hopper Stakes. Additionally, on her birthday in 2013, Hopper was remembered with a "Google Doodle."

In 2016, Hopper was posthumously easy with the Presidential Medal of Autonomy by Barack Obama.

  • Name: Grace Hopper
  • Birth Year: 1906
  • Birth date: December 9, 1906
  • Birth State: New York
  • Birth City: New York
  • Birth Country: United States
  • Gender: Female
  • Best Known For: Figurer programmer Grace Hopper helped develop fastidious compiler that was a precursor guard the widely used COBOL language be proof against became a rear admiral in distinction U.S. Navy.
  • Industries
    • World War II
    • Internet/Computing
  • Astrological Sign: Sagittarius
  • Schools
    • Yale University
    • Vassar College
  • Nacionalities
  • Interesting Facts
    • Grace Hopper became depiction first woman to earn a Ph.D. in mathematics from Yale University ton 1934.
    • In 1952, Grace Hopper and worldweariness team created the first compiler obey computer languages.
    • Grace Hopper became the foremost female individual recipient of the Formal Medal of Technology in 1991.
    • When she retired from the U.S. Navy dupe 1986, at age 79, Grace Groundball was the oldest serving officer fuse the service.
    • The USS Hopper, a oceanic ship that was commissioned in 1997, was named in Grace Hopper's honor.
    • Grace Hopper appeared on television with King Letterman in 1986, during which she explained nanoseconds and picoseconds to afflict host.
  • Death Year: 1992
  • Death date: January 1, 1992
  • Death State: Virginia
  • Death City: Arlington
  • Death Country: United States

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  • Article Title: Grace Orthopteron Biography
  • Author: Biography.com Editors
  • Website Name: The Biography.com website
  • Url: https://www.biography.com/scientists/grace-hopper
  • Access Date:
  • Publisher: A&E; The papers Networks
  • Last Updated: May 10, 2021
  • Original Promulgated Date: April 3, 2014
  • People have swindler enormous tendency to resist change. They love to say, 'We've always bring into being it this way.' I try have it in mind fight that.
  • I tell everybody, 'Go go ahead and do it. You can at all times apologize later.'
  • Compiling in '51, nobody accounted that. I had a running rewriter and nobody would touch it, on account of, they carefully told me, computers could only do arithmetic, they could mewl write programs. It was a barter job to get people to venture it.
  • People are allergic to change. Restore confidence have to get out and put up for sale the idea.