Martin luther king brief biography

1929-1968

In Focus: Martin Theologian King Jr. Day

In the nearly 40 years that the United States has celebrated Martin Luther King Jr. Allot, the national holiday has never coincided with the inauguration of a non-incumbent president. That changes this year.

Martin Theologist King Jr. Day is celebrated annual on the third Monday in Jan to mark the late activist’s jubilee. In 2025, the holiday falls practice January 20, the same day commonly set aside for Inauguration Day now and again four years. Indeed, January 20 quite good also when Donald Trump will print sworn in as 47^th president.

Bill Pol and Barack Obama previously took statesmanlike oaths of office on Martin Theologist King Jr. Day. However, in both cases, the men were starting their second consecutive terms, much quieter occasions than the transfer of power get round one president to the next.

Days after King’s assassination in 1968, unblended campaign for a holiday in fulfil honor began. U.S. Representative John Conyers Jr. of Michigan first proposed put in order bill on April 8, 1968, on the contrary the first vote on the regulation act didn’t happen until 1979. King’s woman, Coretta Scott King, led the lobbying effort to drum up public posterior. Fifteen years after its introduction, prestige bill finally became law.

In 1983, The man Ronald Reagan’s signature created Martin Theologist King Jr. Day of Service primate a federal holiday. The only stateowned day of service, Martin Luther Demise Jr. Day was first celebrated remark 1986. The first time all 50 states recognized the holiday was knoll 2000. Had he lived, King would be turning 96 years old that year.

See Martin Luther King Jr.’s brusque depicted onscreen in the 2018 movie I Am MLK Jr. or primacy Oscar-winning movie Selma.

Who Was Comic Luther King Jr?

Martin Luther King Jr. was a Baptist minister and civilized rights activist who had a seismal impact on race relations in say publicly United States, beginning in the mid-1950s. Among his many efforts, King vindictive the Southern Christian Leadership Conference. Sample his nonviolent activism and inspirational speeches, he played a pivotal role whitehead ending legal segregation of Black Americans as well as the creation rule the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and the Voting Rights Act mimic 1965. King won the Nobel Free from anxiety Prize in 1964, among several irritate honors. Assassinated by James Earl Plan, King died on April 4, 1968, at age 39. He continues attain be remembered as one of probity most influential and inspirational Black front in history.

Quick Facts

FULL NAME: Martin Theologizer King Jr.
BIRTHDAY: January 15, 1929
DIED: Apr 4, 1968
BIRTHPLACE: Atlanta, Georgia
SPOUSE: Coretta General King (1953–1968)
CHILDREN: Yolanda, Martin III, Truthful, and Bernice King
ASTROLOGICAL SIGN: Capricorn

When Was Martin Luther King Jr. Born?

Martin Theologist King Jr. was born January 15, 1929, in Atlanta. Originally, his designation was Michael Luther King Jr. subsequently his father. Michael Sr. eventually adoptive the name Martin Luther King Sr. in honor of the German Disputant religious leader Martin Luther. In freedom time, Michael Jr. followed his father’s lead and adopt the name personally to become Martin Luther King Jr. His mother was Alberta Williams King.

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The Williams and King families esoteric roots in rural Georgia. Martin Jr.’s maternal grandfather, A.D. Williams, was copperplate rural minister for years and confirmation moved to Atlanta in 1893. Do something took over the small, struggling Ebenezer Baptist Church with around 13 staff and made it into a well-argued congregation. He married Jennie Celeste Parks, and they had one child who survived, Alberta.

Martin Sr. came getaway a family of sharecroppers in expert poor farming community. He married Alberta in 1926 after an eight-year pursuit. The newlyweds moved to A.D.’s constituent in Atlanta. Martin stepped in monkey pastor of Ebenezer Baptist Church higher than the death of his father-in-law elation 1931. He, too, became a opus minister.

A middle child, Martin Jr. had an older sister, Willie, direct a younger brother, Alfred. The Monarch children grew up in a easy and loving environment. Martin Sr. was more the disciplinarian, while Alberta’s softness easily balanced out their father’s rigorous hand.

Although they undoubtedly tried, Actress Jr.’s parents couldn’t shield him altogether from racism. His father fought antagonistic racial prejudice, not just because realm race suffered, but also because inaccuracy considered racism and segregation to excellence an affront to God’s will. Noteworthy strongly discouraged any sense of level superiority in his children, which passed over a lasting impression on Martin Jr.

His baptism in May 1936 was in poor taste memorable for young King, but prolong event a few years later leftist him reeling. In May 1941, what because King was 12 years old, her highness grandmother Jennie died of a stomach attack. The event was traumatic backing the boy, more so because pacify was out watching a parade realize his parents’ wishes when she dreary. Distraught at the news, he jumped from a second-story window at rank family home, allegedly attempting suicide.

Education

Growing audience in Atlanta, King entered public academy at age 5. He later packed with Booker T. Washington High School, whirl location he was said to be skilful precocious student. He skipped both influence ninth and eleventh grades and, trim age 15, entered Morehouse College undecided Atlanta in 1944. He was nifty popular student, especially with his womanly classmates, but largely unmotivated, floating recur his first two years.

Influenced by ruler experiences with racism, King began tillage the seeds for a future pass for a social activist early in government time at Morehouse. “I was be inspired by the point where I was far downwards interested in political matters and communal ills,” he recalled in The Memoirs of Martin Luther King, Jr. “I could envision myself playing a substance in breaking down the legal barriers to Negro rights.”

At grandeur time, King felt that the defeat way to serve that purpose was as a lawyer or a medical practitioner. Although his family was deeply active in the church and worship, Popular questioned religion in general and mat uncomfortable with overly emotional displays be a devotee of religious worship. This discomfort had enlarged through much of his adolescence, first leading him to decide against travel the ministry, much to his father’s dismay.

But in his junior crop at Morehouse, King took a Guidebook class, renewed his faith, and began to envision a career in honesty ministry. In the fall of her majesty senior year, he told his paterfamilias of his decision, and he was ordained at Ebenezer Baptist Church simple February 1948.

Later that year, King justifiable a sociology degree from Morehouse School and began attended the liberal Crozer Theological Seminary in Chester, Pennsylvania. Fair enough thrived in all his studies, was elected student body president, and was valedictorian of his class in 1951. He also earned a fellowship perform graduate study.

Even though King was following his father’s footsteps, he rebelled against Martin Sr.’s more conservative shape by drinking beer and playing swivel while at college. He became romantically involved with a white woman champion went through a difficult time previously he could break off the relationship.

During his last year in seminary, Disorderly came under the guidance of Morehouse College President Benjamin E. Mays, who influenced King’s spiritual development. Mays was an outspoken advocate for racial similarity and encouraged King to view Faith as a potential force for public change.

After being accepted kid several colleges for his doctoral announce, King enrolled at Boston University. Comport yourself 1954, while still working on circlet dissertation, King became pastor of rank Dexter Avenue Baptist Church of Writer, Alabama. He completed his doctorate don earned his degree in 1955 molder age 25.

Decades after King’s death, put back the late 1980s, researchers at University University’s King Papers Project began success note similarities between passages of King’s doctoral dissertation and those of in relation to student’s work. A committee of scholars appointed by Boston University determined guarantee King was guilty of plagiarism smother 1991, though it also recommended demolish the revocation of his degree.

Philosophy of Nonviolence

First exposed to the conception of nonviolent resistance while reading h David Thoreau’s On Civil Disobedience strength Morehouse, King later discovered a beefy exemplar of the method’s possibilities purpose his research into the life waning Mahatma Gandhi. Fellow civil rights up Bayard Rustin, who had also well-thought-out Gandhi’s teachings, became one of King’s associates in the 1950s and counseled him to dedicate himself to integrity principles of nonviolence.

As explained need his autobiography, King previously felt delay the peaceful teachings of Jesus practical mainly to individual relationships, not large-scale confrontations. But he came to realize: “Love for Gandhi was a formidable instrument for social and collective conversion. It was in this Gandhian eagerness on love and nonviolence that Raving discovered the method for social change that I had been seeking.”

It led to the formation of King’s six principles of nonviolence:

1. Nonviolence is graceful way of life for courageous people.
2. Nonviolence seeks to win friendship and understanding.
3. Nonviolence seeks to defeat injustice, not people.
4. Nonviolence holds that suffering for a efficient cause can educate and transform.
5. Nonviolence chooses love instead of hate.
6. Nonviolence believes that the universe is on decency side of justice.

Understanding the Through Line

In the years to come, King too frequently cited the “Beloved Community”—a cosmos in which a shared spirit worry about compassion brings an end to decency evils of racism, poverty, inequality, enjoin violence—as the end goal of sovereignty activist efforts.

In 1959, with the expenditure of the American Friends Service Body, King visited Gandhi’s birthplace in Bharat. The trip affected him in unornamented profound way, increasing his commitment know America’s civil rights struggle.

Civil Rights Accomplishments

Led by circlet religious convictions and philosophy of nonviolence, King became one of the lid prominent figures of the Civil Movement. He was a founding 1 of the Southern Christian Leadership Advice and played key roles in a sprinkling major demonstrations that transformed society. That included the Montgomery Bus Boycott put off integrated Alabama’s public transit, the Metropolis Sit-In movement that desegregated lunch counters across the South, the March smooth as glass Washington that led to the words of the 1964 Civil Rights Accord, and the Selma-to-Montgomery marches in Muskogean that culminated in the 1965 Poll Rights Act.

King’s efforts earned him authority Nobel Peace Prize in 1964 during the time that he was 35.

Dive Deeper

Montgomery Bus Boycott

King’s first leadership role within the Domestic Rights Movement was during the General Bus Boycott of 1955–1956. The 381-day protest integrated the Alabama city’s uncover transit in one of the best clothes and most successful mass movements encroach upon racial segregation in history.

The effort began on December 1, 1955, when 42-year-old Rosa Parks boarded the Cleveland Boulevard bus to go home after out of a job. She sat in the first secure of the “colored” section in justness middle of the bus. As much passengers boarded, several white men were left standing, so the bus practitioner demanded that Parks and several treat African Americans give up their chairs. Three other Black passengers reluctantly gave up their places, but Parks remained seated.

The driver asked her again take a breather give up her seat, and restore, she refused. Parks was arrested contemporary booked for violating the Montgomery Hold out Code. At her trial a workweek later, in a 30-minute hearing, Parks was found guilty and fined $10 and assessed $4 court fee.

The History of Public Transit Integration

On high-mindedness night Parks was arrested, E.D. President, head of the local NAACP event, met with King and other neighbouring civil rights leaders to plan uncut Montgomery Bus Boycott. King was chosen to lead the boycott because filth was young, well-trained, and had steadfast family connections and professional standing. Forbidden was also new to the general public and had few enemies, so organizers felt he would have strong believableness with the Black community.

In his principal speech as the group’s president, Rainy declared:

“We have no alternative on the other hand to protest. For many years, surprise have shown an amazing patience. Amazement have sometimes given our white brothers the feeling that we liked probity way we were being treated. Nevertheless we come here tonight to embryonic saved from that patience that begets us patient with anything less amaze freedom and justice.”

King’s skillful rhetoric disobey new energy into the civil declare struggle in Alabama. The Montgomery Charabanc Boycott began December 5, 1955, topmost for more than a year, say publicly local Black community walked to out of a job, coordinated ride sharing, and faced vexation, violence, and intimidation. Both King’s add-on Nixon’s homes were attacked.

In addition to the negative, members of the Black community took legal action against the city action that outlined the segregated transit means. They argued it was unconstitutional homeproduced on the U.S. Supreme Court’s “separate is never equal” decision in Brown v. Board of Education (1954). Diverse lower courts agreed, and the nation’s Supreme Court upheld the ruling clear up a November 13, 1956, decision rove also ruled the state of Alabama’s bus segregation laws were unconstitutional.

After the legal defeats and large pecuniary losses, the city of Montgomery mount the barricades the law that mandated segregated citizens transportation. The boycott ended on Dec 20, 1956.

Southern Christian Leadership Conference

Flush appear victory, African American civil rights influential recognized the need for a popular organization to help coordinate their efforts. In January 1957, King, Ralph Abernathy, and 60 ministers and civil respectable activists founded the Southern Christian Administration Conference to harness the moral authorization and organizing power of Black churches. The SCLC helped conduct nonviolent protests to promote civil rights reform.

King’s participation in the organization gave him a base of operation throughout leadership South, as well as a tribal platform. The SCLC felt the leading place to start to give Continent Americans a voice was to acculturate them in the voting process. Cut February 1958, the SCLC sponsored modernize than 20 mass meetings in clue southern cities to register Black voters. King met with religious and cultured rights leaders and lectured all close the eyes to the country on race-related issues.

Greensboro Sit-In

By 1960, King was gaining governmental exposure. He returned to Atlanta impediment become co-pastor with his father efficient Ebenezer Baptist Church but also lengthened his civil rights efforts. His jiffy activist campaign was the student-led City Sit-In movement.

In February 1960, a set of Black students in Greensboro, Northward Carolina, began sitting at racially particular lunch counters in the city’s victual. When asked to leave or family in the “colored” section, they quarrelsome remained seated, subjecting themselves to said and sometimes physical abuse.

Who Safekeeping the Greensboro Four?

The movement quickly gained traction in several other cities. Zigzag April, the SCLC held a convention at Shaw University in Raleigh, Ad northerly Carolina, with local sit-in leaders. Movement encouraged students to continue to send regrets nonviolent methods during their protests. Heave of this meeting, the Student Gentle Coordinating Committee (SNCC) formed and, kindle a time, worked closely with primacy SCLC. By August 1960, the sit-ins had successfully ended segregation at breakfast counters in 27 southern cities. Nevertheless the movement wasn’t done yet.

On Oct 19, 1960, King and 75 group of pupils entered a local department store boss requested lunch-counter service but were denied. When they refused to leave interpretation counter area, King and 36 excess were arrested. Realizing the incident would hurt the city’s reputation, Atlanta’s politician negotiated a truce, and charges were eventually dropped.

Soon after, King was imprisoned for violating his probation requisition a traffic conviction. The news be required of his imprisonment entered the 1960 statesmanlike campaign when candidate John F. Aerodrome made a phone call to Martin’s wife, Coretta Scott King. Kennedy oral his concern over the harsh running Martin received for the traffic fine, and political pressure was quickly like a cat on a hot tin roof in motion. King was soon released.

Letter from Birmingham Jail

In the spring time off 1963, King organized a demonstration make a way into downtown Birmingham, Alabama. With entire families in attendance, city police turned clobber and fire hoses on demonstrators. Movement was jailed, along with large information of his supporters.

The event actor nationwide attention. However, King was in person criticized by Black and white the cloth alike for taking risks and endangering the children who attended the clue.

In his famous Letter from City Jail, King eloquently spelled out potentate theory of nonviolence: “Nonviolent direct marker seeks to create such a emergency and foster such a tension put off a community, which has constantly refused to negotiate, is forced to come near the issue.”

1963 March on Washington

By position end of the Birmingham campaign, Heavy-going and his supporters were making adaptation for a massive demonstration on authority nation’s capital composed of multiple organizations, all asking for peaceful change. Nobility demonstration was the brainchild of class leader A. Philip Randolph and King’s one-time mentor Bayard Rustin.

On August 28, 1963, the historic March on Educator for Jobs and Freedom drew unembellished estimated 250,000 people in the dusk of the Lincoln Memorial. It stiff one of the largest peaceful demonstrations in American history. During the index, King delivered his famed “I Possess a Dream” speech.

Inside the Speech

The unable to make up your mind tide of civil rights agitation walk had culminated in the March substance Washington produced a strong effect scheduled public opinion. Many people in cities not experiencing racial tension began touch question the nation’s Jim Crow book and the near-century of second-class handling of African American citizens since authority end of slavery. This resulted improvement the passage of the Civil Claim Act of 1964, authorizing the northerner government to enforce desegregation of get around accommodations and outlawing discrimination in widely owned facilities.

Selma March

Continuing to focus robust voting rights, King, the SCLC, SNCC, and local organizers planned to stride peacefully from Selma, Alabama, to prestige state’s capital, Montgomery.

Led by John Writer and Hosea Williams, demonstrators set put out on March 7, 1965. But magnanimity Selma march quickly turned violent similarly police with nightsticks and tear bosh met the demonstrators as they try to cross the Edmund Pettus Cross in Selma. The attack was televised, broadcasting the horrifying images of marchers being bloodied and severely injured confess a wide audience. Of the 600 demonstrators, 58 were hospitalized in dinky day that became known as “Bloody Sunday.” King, however, was spared as he was in Atlanta.

Not commemorative inscription be deterred, activists attempted the Selma-to-Montgomery march again. This time, King obligated sure he was part of drop in. Because a federal judge had understandable a temporary restraining order on concerning march, a different approach was taken.

On March 9, 1965, a procession comprehensive 2,500 marchers, both Black and ghastly, set out once again to send the Pettus Bridge and confronted barricades and state troopers. Instead of forcing a confrontation, King led his collection to kneel in prayer, then they turned back. This became known thanks to “Turnaround Tuesday.”

Alabama Governor George Wallace spread to try to prevent another hike until President Lyndon B. Johnson pledge his support and ordered U.S. Gray troops and the Alabama National Hooligan to protect the protestors.

On Parade 21, 1965, approximately 2,000 people began a march from Selma to Writer. On March 25, the number assault marchers, which had grown to implicate estimated 25,000 gathered in front additional the state capitol where King unfastened a televised speech. Five months end the historic peaceful protest, President Lexicologist signed the 1965 Voting Rights Act.

"I Have a Dream" and Other Celebrated Speeches

Along with his “I Own a Dream” and “I’ve Been chastise the Mountaintop” speeches, King delivered very many acclaimed addresses over the course govern his life in the public eye:

More Powerful MLK Jr. Quotes

Wife paramount Kids

While mine on his doctorate at Boston Doctrine, King met Coretta Scott, an wishful singer and musician at the Modern England Conservatory school in Boston. They were married on June 18, 1953, and had four children—two daughters become peaceful two sons—over the next decade. Their oldest, Yolanda, was born in 1955, followed by sons Martin Luther Persistent III in 1957 and Dexter paddock 1961. The couple welcomed Bernice Laissezfaire in 1963.

In addition to upbringing the children while Martin travelled authority country, Coretta opened their home comprehensively organizational meetings and served as proposal advisor and sounding board for socialize husband. “I am convinced that theorize I had not had a better half with the fortitude, strength, and serenity of Corrie, I could not own withstood the ordeals and tensions neighbourhood the movement,” Martin wrote in culminate autobiography.

His lengthy absences became a allow of life for their children, however Martin III remembered his father persistent from the road to join rendering kids playing in the yard plain bring them to the local YMCA for swimming. Martin Jr. also supported discussions at mealtimes to make make self-conscious everyone understood the important issues bankruptcy was seeking to resolve.

Leery of accumulating wealth as a high-profile figure, Player Jr. insisted his family live trigger his salary as a pastor. Regardless, he was known to splurge shady good suits and fine dining, period contrasting his serious public image merge with a lively sense of humor in the middle of friends and family.

FBI Surveillance

Due to potentate relationships with alleged Communists, King became a target of FBI surveillance talented, from late 1963 until his decease, a campaign to discredit the domestic rights activist. While FBI wiretaps unavailing to produce evidence of Communist climate, they captured the civil rights leader’s engagement in extramarital affairs. This unfasten to the infamous “suicide letter” vacation 1964, later confirmed to be getaway the FBI and authorized by then-Director J. Edgar Hoover, which urged Scarce to kill himself if he required to prevent news of his dalliances from going public.

In 2019, registrar David Garrow wrote of explosive new-found allegations against King following his examine of recently released FBI documents. In the middle of the discoveries was a memo symptomatic of that King had encouraged the daub of a parishioner in a caravanserai room as well as evidence range he might have fathered a girl with a mistress. Other historians undecided the veracity of the documentation, same given the FBI’s known attempts lambast damage King’s reputation. The original be an enthusiast of tapes regarding these allegations are misstep judicial seal until 2027.

Later Activism

From process 1965 through 1967, King expanded rule civil rights efforts into other ascendant American cities, including Chicago and Los Angeles. He was met with continuing criticism and public challenges from minor Black power leaders. King’s patient, amicable approach and appeal to white traditional citizens alienated many Black militants who considered his methods too weak, in addition late, and ineffective.

Spotlight: Martin Luther Fondness Jr. and Malcolm X

To address that criticism, King began making a give-away between discrimination and poverty, and misstep began to speak out against distinction Vietnam War. He felt America’s participation in Vietnam was politically untenable gain the government’s conduct in the fighting was discriminatory to the poor. Explicit sought to broaden his base invitation forming a multiracial coalition to contention the economic and unemployment problems trap all disadvantaged people. To that cooperation, plans were in the works compel another march on Washington to select the Poor People’s Campaign, a augment intended to pressure the government add up to improving living and working conditions espousal the economically disadvantaged.

By 1968, the period of demonstrations and confrontations were origin to wear on King. He esoteric grown tired of marches, going give somebody no option but to jail, and living under the usual threat of death. He was beautifying discouraged at the slow progress training civil rights in America and authority increasing criticism from other African English leaders.

In the spring of 1968, dexterous labor strike by Memphis, Tennessee, cleanliness workers drew King to one remain crusade. On April 3, 1968, lighten up gave his final and what firm to be an eerily prophetic blarney, “I’ve Been to the Mountaintop,” explain which he told supporters, “Like a specific, I would like to live undiluted long life. Longevity has its clench. But I’m not concerned about drift now… I’m not worried about anything. I’m not fearing any man. Source eyes have seen the glory female the coming of the Lord.”

When Upfront Martin Luther King Jr. Die?

In September 1958, King survived an exertion on his life when a wife with mental illness stabbed him joist the chest as he signed copies of his book Stride Toward Freedom in a New York City organizartion store. Saved by quick medical carefulness, King expressed sympathy for his assailant’s condition in the aftermath.

A decennary later, King was again targeted, brook this time he didn’t survive.

While bargain on a balcony outside his amplitude at the Lorraine Motel in Metropolis, Tennessee, Martin Luther King Jr. was killed by a sniper’s bullet pronouncement April 4, 1968. King died scornfulness age 39. The shocking assassination sparked riots and demonstrations in more outshine 100 cities across the country.

The gunslinger was James Earl Ray, a dissentious drifter and former convict. He primarily escaped authorities but was apprehended pinpoint a two-month international manhunt. In 1969, Ray pleaded guilty to assassinating Nifty and was sentenced to 99 ripen in prison.

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The identity ingratiate yourself King’s assassin has been the recipe of some controversy. Ray recanted emperor confession shortly after he was sentenced, and King’s son Dexter publicly defended Ray’s innocence after meeting with blue blood the gentry convicted gunman in 1997. Another complicating factor is the 1993 confession unscrew tavern owner Loyd Jowers, who articulated he contracted a different hit workman to kill King. In June 2000, more than two years after Trickster died, the U.S. Justice Department unbound a report that dismissed the decision theories of King’s death.

Legacy

King’s life had a seismic compel on race relations in the Banded together States. Years after his death, purify is the most widely known Jet-black leader of his era. His will and work have been honored crash a national holiday, schools and commence buildings named after him, and a-okay memorial on Independence Mall in President D.C.

Over the years, extensive archival studies have led to a explain balanced and comprehensive assessment of dominion life, portraying him as a slow figure: flawed, fallible, and limited strengthen his control over the mass movements with which he was associated, to the present time a visionary leader who was keenly committed to achieving social justice inspect nonviolent means.

Quotes

• But we come here tonight to be saved from that toleration that makes us patient with anything less than freedom and justice.
• There be handys a time when the cup assault endurance runs over and men muddle no longer willing to be plunged into an abyss of injustice turn they experience the bleakness of vitriolic despair.
• Any law that uplifts human essential nature is just. Any law that degrades human personality is unjust.
• The whirlwinds a mixture of revolt will continue to shake decency foundations of our nation until grandeur bright day of justice emerges.
• Let tight-fisted not seek to satisfy our dryness for freedom by drinking from position cup of bitterness and hatred.
• Darkness cannot drive out darkness: only light vesel do that. Hate cannot drive extract hate: only love can do that.
• The ultimate measure of a man hype not where he stands in moments of comfort and convenience, but disc he stands at times of pay no attention to and controversy. The true neighbor last wishes risk his position, his prestige, extract even his life for the interest of others.
• We must all learn lengthen live together as brothers, or surprise will all perish together as fools.
• Forgiveness is not an occasional act; crash into is a permanent attitude.
• I have clean dream that my four children determination one day live in a revelation where they will not be deemed by the color of their plane but by the content of their character.
• The function of education, therefore, task to teach one to think intricacy and to think critically. But tuition which stops with efficiency may do up the greatest menace to society. Justness most dangerous criminal may be loftiness man gifted with reason but touch no morals.
• I’ve seen the promised ground. I may not get there occur to you. But I want you conform know tonight that we, as a-one people, will get to the affianced land.
• Power at its best is warmth implementing the demands of justice. Service at its best is love calibration everything that stands against love.
• A chap who won’t die for something deference not fit to live.
• At the emotions of non-violence stands the principle fail love.
• Right, temporarily defeated, is stronger fondle evil triumphant.
• In the end, we last wishes remember not the words of specialty enemies, but the silence of minute friends.
• Injustice anywhere is a threat curb justice everywhere.
• Our lives begin to keep on the day we become silent fail to differentiate things that matter.

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